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Melissa Bartick, Arnold Reinhold
PEDIATRICS (doi:10.1542/peds.2009-1616)

Abstract

Background and Objective A 2001 study revealed that $3.6 billion could be saved if breastfeeding rates were increased to levels of the Healthy People objectives. It studied 3 diseases and totaled direct and indirect costs and cost of premature death. The 2001 study can be updated by using current breastfeeding rates and adding additional diseases analyzed in the 2007 breastfeeding report from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.

Lori B. Feldman-Winter, MD, MPH; Richard J. Schanler, MD; Karen G. O’Connor, BS; Ruth A. Lawrence, MD

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2008;162(12):1142-1149.

Abstract

Objectives To survey pediatricians on their breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, and practices and to compare these results with those of a 1995 study.

Design Cross-sectional follow-up survey.

Setting The Periodic Survey of Fellows survey conducted by the American Academy of Pediatrics.

Participants The survey was completed by 875 pediatrician members of the American Academy of Pediatrics from November 1, 2003, through May 21, 2004.

Main Outcome Measures Pediatricians' recommendations on management, opinions about the benefits and promotion of breastfeeding, and relationship to personal breastfeeding experience were compared with the results of the 1995 survey.

Results Compared with the results of the 1995 survey, in 2004, pediatricians were less likely to believe that the benefits of breastfeeding outweigh the difficulties or inconvenience (adjusted odds ratio, 0.60; 95% confidence interval, 0.47-0.76), and fewer believed that almost all mothers are able to succeed. More pediatricians in 2004 reported reasons to recommend against breastfeeding. Pediatricians in 2004 were more likely to recommend exclusive breastfeeding (adjusted odds ratio, 1.55; 95% confidence interval, 1.23-1.94) and follow supportive hospital policies. Respondents with personal breastfeeding experience were 2.3 times more likely to recommend supportive policies (adjusted odds ratio, 2.3; 95% confidence interval,1.74-3.08) in 2004 than in 1995. Those with no personal breastfeeding experience were also slightly more likely in 2004 to recommend these policies (adjusted odds ratio, 1.49; 95% confidence interval, 1.09-2.03).

Conclusions Although pediatricians seem better prepared to support breastfeeding, their attitudes and commitment have deteriorated. Personal experience mitigates poor attitudes and seems to enhance breastfeeding practices among those surveyed.

Forrás

Position statement by the Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition, 2008
Preface

The Infant Feeding Survey has been conducted every five years since 1975 and captures a wealth of information about infant feeding practices in the United Kingdom. It helps to describe historical trends in infant feeding practice and identify opportunities for improved implementation of national policy. The Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN) Subgroup on Maternal and Child Nutrition (SMCN) has reviewed the findings of the 2005 Infant Feeding Survey. It particularly welcomes the significant increases observed in breastfeeding initiation across the UK and a marked reduction in the proportion of infants given solid foods at an inappropriately young age.

Anna Petrova, Thomas Hegyi, Rajeev Mehta
Breastfeeding Medicine. 2007, 2(2): 92-98.

Abstract

There are a few studies on the consequence of the use of breastmilk substitutes during the postpartum hospital stay on the duration of breastfeeding in the culturally diverse populations of the United States. The main purpose of this study was to identify the association between the in-hospital feeding pattern and the infant's postdischarge feeding modality during the first month of life in a culturally diverse population of women. Demographic, clinical, and feeding practice data was colleted from the medical charts and interviews of mothers conducted in the first month after singleton delivery of healthy term newborns. Among the 307 mothers who completed the study, exclusive in-hospital breastfeeding was reported by 54.2% of White, 38.7% of Black, 54.0% of Asian, and 44.7% of Hispanic (p = 0.063), and among these, only 55.6%, 50.0%, 58.9%, and 19.1%, respectively, maintained exclusive breastfeeding during the first postpartum month (p < 0.02). The rate of exclusive breastfeeding at the end of the first month was 10.5%, 15.8%, 20.7%, and 3.9%, respectively, for the White, Black, Asian, and Hispanic mothers whose infants received partial or no breastfeeding in-hospital. Overall, the logistic regression analysis showed significant association between initiation of exclusive breastfeeding in-hospital and exclusive breastfeeding at the end of the first month (odds ratio 7.2 and 95% confidence interval 4.0, 12.6). In conclusion, we show a larger decline in the continuation of exclusive breastfeeding and the lowest rate of exclusive breastfeeding at 1 month in the Hispanic mothers. Irrespective of race/ethnicity, mothers who practice exclusive breastfeeding in-hospital are more likely to exclusively breastfeed throughout the neonatal period.

Forrás

Roberto G. Chaves, Joel A. Lamounier, Cibele C. César

J Pediatr (Rio J). 2007;83(3):241-6

Abstract

Objectives: To determine rates of exclusive breastfeeding and of complementary feeding and to identify variables that interfere with breastfeeding in the municipality of Itaúna, MG, Brazil.

Methods: A longitudinal study was undertaken enrolling 246 women who gave birth at the maternity unit of the Manoel Gonçalves Hospital, in Itaúna, MG. The mothers and their infants were seen monthly for the first 12 months after birth or until they stopped breastfeeding. Survival analysis procedures were used to study the duration of exclusive breastfeeding and of complementary feeding. The impact on breastfeeding duration of a series of co-variables was assessed by means of Cox regression modeling.

C Britton, FM McCormick, MJ Renfrew, A Wade, SE King

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007 Issue 1

Abstract

Background
There is extensive evidence of the benefits of breastfeeding for infants and mothers. In 2003, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended infants be fed exclusively on breast milk until six months of age. However, breastfeeding rates in many developed countries continue to be resistant to change.

Objectives
To assess the effectiveness of support for breastfeeding mothers.

Barbara Gijsbers, Ilse Mesters, J. Andre Knottnerus, Constant P. Van Schayck
Breastfeeding Medicine. 2006, 1(4): 236-246.

Abstract

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months postpartum is promoted internationally as the preferred method of feeding infants. Infants of parents with a history of asthma in particular could benefit from a longer period (6 months) of breastfeeding, because this may reduce the chance of developing an allergic disease. The aim of this study was to identify psychosocial behavioral determinants of the intended duration and actual initiation of breastfeeding in families with a predisposition to asthma.

Cynthia R. Howard, Nancy Lanphear, Bruce P. Lanphear, Shirley Eberly, Ruth A. Lawrence
Breastfeeding Medicine. 2006, 1(3): 146-155.

Abstract

Context: Infant crying can cause parental distress, and colic is associated with low maternal self-efficacy and heightened risk for depression. Breastfeeding is recognized as an effective method of calming infants, but the relationship of colic and the use of breastfeeding to remedy infant crying have not been tested for any effects on breastfeeding duration.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of infant colic (colic analysis) and breastfeeding as a method of infant calming (calming analysis) on breastfeeding duration.

Fiona Dykes phd, ma, rm, rgn, adm, cert ed
Matern Child Nutr. 2005 Jan;1(1):21-31.

Abstract

n 1999, the Government, Department of Health in England, UK established the Infant Feeding Initiative. As part of this initiative, 79 1-year infant feeding projects were selected for funding. The funded projects specifically centred upon practice innovation and evaluation in relation to promoting breastfeeding and supporting breastfeeding women in socially excluded communities. The DH recently commissioned a comprehensive evaluation of the 79 projects (DH 2003). This paper focuses upon the evaluation of the 26 DH funded projects that specifically focused upon breastfeeding peer support schemes.

irstin Berridge ba, K. McFadden rgn, J. Abayomi bsc pgcert srd and J. Topping mbchb mrcog
Matern Child Nutr. 2005 Oct;1(4):250-62.

Abstract

Breast-milk is the optimum form of nutrition for the first 6 months of life. However, breastfeeding rates in the UK are low and static compared to other European countries and those in the North-west of England in the UK are even lower. Of the women who initiate breastfeeding, many cease in the first month following the birth for reasons that might be avoided. To try and prevent this, UNICEF Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) 'Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding' state that maternity facilities should foster the development of support groups for breastfeeding women. The aim of the present study was to describe breastfeeding difficulties reported by women who attended the infant feeding clinic at a Women's Hospital in the North-west of England.

Victoria Hall Moran phd bsc, Fiona Dykes ma rm rgn adm cert ed phd, Janet Edwards ma ba rgn rm adm, Sue Burt ma bsc rgn rm adm and Mary Whitmore phd bsc, supporter, trainer bfn, adv dip couns
Matern Child Nutr. 2005 Oct;1(4):241-9.

Abstract

The promotion of breastfeeding has been established as a global public health issue. Despite this global agenda, breastfeeding initiation and duration rates remain low in many countries. The lack of provision of adequate support to the breastfeeding mother is an important contributory factor to shorter duration of breastfeeding. Health professionals and voluntary breastfeeding supporters are in a prime position to work collaboratively to provide comprehensive support to the breastfeeding mother. However, a comparative evaluation of the breastfeeding support skills of voluntary breastfeeding supporters and health professionals has never been conducted. This study aimed to assess the breastfeeding support skills of midwives and Breastfeeding Network (BfN) supporters. Breastfeeding support skills were assessed using a between-subjects design conducted with 15 midwives and 15 BfN supporters in the north-west of England. Support skills were measured using the prevalidated Breastfeeding Support Skills Tool (BeSST), a questionnaire and video tool. Total scores on the BeSST were significantly higher in the BfN group (mean = 42.5 ± 6.4 SD) than in the midwife group (mean = 30.7 ± 8.2 SD) [t (26.5) = 4.4, P < 0.0001]. The BfN group has the breastfeeding support skills necessary to provide adequate assistance for breastfeeding mothers. An interagency and interdisciplinary collaborative model is crucial to developing a coherent and cohesive approach to the support infrastructure for breastfeeding women.

A cikk teljes szövege itt olvasható.

Mary Smale phd, Mary J. Renfrew phd, Joyce L. Marshall phd and Helen Spiby mphil
Matern Child Nutr. 2006 Apr;2(2):103-13.

Abstract

Breastfeeding is increasingly recognized as a health policy priority. To achieve real change in breastfeeding rates, those who advise and support childbearing women need to be appropriately educated and trained so that they do not disrupt breastfeeding. The aim of this study was to conduct a needs analysis about breastfeeding training among a range of people who advise and support breastfeeding women, including breastfeeding women themselves, to contribute to future provision of education.

ARTHUR I. EIDELMAN

Breastfeeding Medicine Mar 2006, Vol. 1, No. 1: 36-40.

ABSTRACT

Background: The relationship of cultural factors to the breastfeeding patterns has been documented. Given previous reports of the increased frequency and duration of breastfeeding in Orthodox Jewish women, an analysis of the religious and cultural basis of this phenomenon was performed.

Ludvigsson, Jonas; Ludvigsson, Johnny

Acta Paediatrica, Volume 94, Number 9, September 2005, pp. 1310-1319(10)

Abstract

Aim: To examine socio-economic factors, smoking, coffee consumption and exclusive breastfeeding duration.

J Pediatr (Rio J). 2005;81(4):310-6

Enilda M. L. Weigert, Elsa R. J. Giugliani, Maristela C. T. França, Luciana D. de Oliveira, Ana Bonilha, Lílian C. do Espírito Santo, Celina Valderez F. Köhler

Introduction

Rates of exclusive breastfeeding in Brazil are rising, but still remain much too low, being just 23 days in the state capitals (1). A number of different factors could be contributing to this situation, one of which is an inadequate breastfeeding technique (2).