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Hung KJ, Berg O.
MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs. 2011 Sep-Oct;36(5):318-24.

Abstract

This article describes a quality improvement project in which early skin-to-skin (STS) contact, in the operating room (OR) and during recovery, was used as an intervention to increase the success of breastfeeding initiation among healthy infants after cesarean, at a large, urban, acute care teaching hospital. The nursing role is key for the intervention, but the program involves the entire perinatal team, including the obstetricians, pediatricians, and anesthesiologists.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011 Aug 5;60:1020-5.

Abstract

Background: Childhood obesity is a national epidemic in the United States. Increasing the proportion of mothers who breastfeed is one important public health strategy for preventing childhood obesity. The World Health Organization and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative specifies Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding that delineate evidence-based hospital practices to improve breastfeeding initiation, duration, and exclusivity.

Methods: In 2007 and 2009, CDC conducted a national survey of U.S. obstetric hospitals and birth centers. CDC analyzed these data to describe the prevalence of facilities using maternity care practices consistent with the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding.

Financial Justification for the Hospital-Based Lactation Consultant Role

Shannon Francis-Clegg, Deanne T. Francis
Intermountain Healthcare Lactation Standardization Project (2007)
Clinical Lactation, 2011, Vol. 2(1), 19-25

Abstract

Intermountain Healthcare’s Lactation Standards Team conducted a year-long indepth study to evaluate their current lactation services for staffing, patient satisfaction, patient and staff education, reimbursement patterns, cost of care and lactation-failure readmissions. The attempt was to evaluate and then standardize the lactation services within their 23-hospital system and create staffing recommendations to support optimal lactation care and support. This article represents a brief summary of recommendations based on this study. Individual portions of the project with detailed process and final results/data will be submitted for future publication.

Widström AM, Lilja G, Aaltomaa-Michalias P, Dahllöf A, Lintula M, Nissen E.
Acta Paediatr. 2010 Aug 15. [Epub ahead of print]

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to provide a more detailed analysis of the infant’s behavioral sequence that begins immediately after birth and terminates with grasping the nipple, suckling and then falling asleep.

The Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine Protocol Committee

The purpose of this protocol is to promote a philosophy and practice of maternal–infant care that advocates breastfeeding. Care should support the normal physiologic functions involved in the establishment of this maternal–infant process and assist families choosing to breastfeed with initiating and developing a successful and satisfying experience.

This policy is based on recommendations from the most recent breastfeeding policy statements published by the Office on Women’s Health of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the American Academy of Family Physicians, the World Health Organization, the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine, and the UNICEF/World Health Organization evidence-based Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding.

Stage E, Mathiesen E, Emmersen P, Greisen G, Damm P.
Acta Paediatr. 2010 Feb 23. [Epub ahead of print]

Abstract

Aim:  As a result of increased neonatal morbidity, the infants of diabetic mothers have routinely been admitted to a neonatal special care unit (NSCU). We therefore investigated whether the offer of rooming-in diabetic mothers and their newborn infants has an effect on neonatal morbidity.

Bramson L, Lee JW, Moore E, Montgomery S, Neish C, Bahjri K, Melcher CL.
J Hum Lact. 2010 Jan 28. [Epub ahead of print]

Abstract

This was a nurse-driven, hospital-based, prospective cohort study of data collected in 19 hospitals in San Bernardino and Riverside counties by California Perinatal Services Network on all mothers (n = 21 842) who delivered a singleton infant (37-40 weeks gestation) between July 2005 through June 2006. Multivariate ordinal logistic regression showed that maternal infant-feeding method intention (measured prior to birth), sociodemographic characteristics, intrapartum variables, and early skin-to-skin mother-infant contact during the first 3 hours following birth (controlling for delivery hospital) were correlated with exclusive breastfeeding during the maternity hospitalization.

Renfrew MJ, Craig D, Dyson L, McCormick F, Rice S, King SE, et al.

Health Technol Assess 2009;13(40).

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness and costeffectiveness of interventions that promote or inhibit breastfeeding or feeding with breastmilk for infants admitted to neonatal units, and to identify an agenda for future research.

Randa Saadeh and Carmen Casanovas
Food Nutr Bull. 2009 Jun;30(2 Suppl):S225-9.

Abstract

The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) was launched in the 1990s by the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF as a global effort with hospitals, health services, and parents to ensure babies are breastfed for the best start in life. It is one of the Operational Targets of the Global Strategy for Infant and Young Child Feeding endorsed in 2002 by the Fifty-Fifth World Health Assembly and the UNICEF Executive Board.

Bystrova K et al.
Birth. 2009 Jun;36(2):97-109.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: A tradition of separation of the mother and baby after birth still persists in many parts of the world, including some parts of Russia, and often is combined with swaddling of the baby. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare possible long-term effects on mother-infant interaction of practices used in the delivery and maternity wards, including practices relating to mother-infant closeness versus separation.

Eugene Declercq, Miriam Labbok, Carol Sakala, MaryAnn O'Hara

Am J Public Health. 2009 Mar 19. [Epub ahead of print]

Objectives. We sought to assess whether breastfeeding-related hospital practices reported by mothers were associated with achievement of their intentions to exclusively breastfeed.

DiGirolamo AM, Grummer-Strawn LM, Fein SB.
Pediatrics. 2008 Oct;122 Suppl 2:S43-9.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to assess the impact of "Baby-Friendly" hospital practices and other maternity-care practices experienced by mothers on breastfeeding duration.

METHODS: This analysis of the Infant Feeding Practices Study II focused on mothers who initiated breastfeeding and intended prenatally to breastfeed for >2 months, with complete data on all variables (n = 1907). Predictor variables included indicators of 6 "Baby-Friendly" practices (breastfeeding initiation within 1 hour of birth, giving only breast milk, rooming in, breastfeeding on demand, no pacifiers, fostering breastfeeding support groups) along with several other maternity-care practices. The main outcome measure was breastfeeding termination before 6 weeks.

The Baby Friendly Initiative has today published a new guidance document for maternity units who are developing or amending polices which relate to the prevention and treatment of hypoglycaemia in newborns.

Most maternity units working towards Baby Friendly accreditation have found that it is necessary to address the issue of supplementation for breastfed babies at risk of hypoglycaemia. The challenge of developing clear and unambiguous guidelines which ensure the safety of infants at risk of hypoglycaemia whilst at the same time, avoid the unnecessary use of supplements has proven to be very difficult in many units.

Kenneth D. Rosenberg, Carissa A. Eastham, Lauren Kasehagen, Alfredo P. Sandoval

American Journal of Public Health, First Look, published online ahead of print Jan 2, 2008

Abstract

Objectives. Commercial hospital discharge packs are commonly given to new mothers at the time of newborn hospital discharge. We evaluated the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the receipt of commercial hospital discharge packs in a population-based sample of Oregon women who initiated breastfeeding before newborn hospital discharge.

Marsha Walker
J Midwifery Womens Health 2007;52:549–555

Introduction

Lactation is an ancient process that predates placental gestation. It represents the normal and expected way to feed infants and young children, yet continues to suffer from cultural and commercial barriers that make it difficult for mothers to adhere to the medical recommendation to breastfeed exclusively for 6 months, and to continue breastfeeding with appropriate complementary foods for 1 year and beyond.