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Jeanne Ballard, MD
The Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine Protocol Committee, August 3, 2004

Background

The infant’s tongue at birth is normally able to extend over and past the mandibular gum pad. Significant ankyloglossia prevents an infant from anteriorly extending and elevating the tongue and many breastfeeding experts believe that these limitations alter the normal peristaltic motion of the tongue during feeding resulting in the potential for nipple trauma and problems with effective milk transfer and infant weight gain.

Ankyloglossia, commonly known as tongue-tie, occurs in approximately 3.2% to 4.8% of consecutive term infants at birth and in 12.8% of infants with breastfeeding problems. The condition has been associated with an increased incidence of breastfeeding difficulties: 25% in affected versus 3% in unaffected infants.

Various methods have been suggested to diagnose and evaluate the severity of ankyloglossia and to determine the criteria for intervention. Short and long-term consequences of ankyloglossia may include feeding and speech difficulties as well as orthodontic and mandibular abnormalities and psychological problems.

A teljes dokumentum letölthető az Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine oldaláról.